英語検定　準１級(2024年第3回No.4)

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3-4		英語検定(準１級)　筆記	2024年第3回(No.25～No.31) 各１０点 × ７問 ＝ ７０点満点
次の英文を読み、(25)から(27)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問25		Question: According to the first paragraph, Étienne Léopold Trouvelot (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 25) (1) hoped to grow the silk industry in Europe by taking moths there that he collected in the United States. (2) bred a new variety of moth that helped to save the silk industry by increasing the amount of silk that could be produced. (3) accidentally introduced a species of moth to the United States that caused widespread environmental damage. (4) found a way to protect spongy moths from a fatal disease that had greatly reduced their numbers in Europe.
問26		Question: What is implied about Trouvelot in the second paragraph? 答え： ( 26 ) (1) He always regretted turning down an offer to work in a famous observatory. (2) He ended up pursuing a career in astronomy as the result of an unexpected event. (3) He succeeded in fulfilling his childhood dream of doing research related to the night sky. (4) He only decided to study astronomy because doing so allowed him to stay in the United States.
問27		Question: What does the author of the passage describe as ironic? 答え： ( 27 ) (1) Trouvelot’s work would likely have been less accurate if he had been able to use the materials that are available today. (2) Trouvelot never became well-known during his lifetime because most people had little interest in astronomy. (3) The scientific value of Trouvelot’s drawings prevents them from being put on public display for people to enjoy. (4) The technology that proved the high quality of Trouvelot’s illustrations was also responsible for them becoming unnecessary.
次の英文を読み、(28)から(31)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問28		Question: What was the concern of the US delegate mentioned in the first paragraph? 答え： ( 28 ) (1) It was important for delegates to admit that some fundamental problems with the interwar financial order would never be solved. (2) European nations did not understand the need for reform, as they had not been affected by the Great Depression as much as the United States had. (3) Holding the conference in 1944 might have been a mistake, as it was not clear that the Allies would win World War II. (4) Although the Allies were working together to win the war, there were doubts about whether such cooperation would continue in economic fields.
問29		Question: What was one reason put forth by Harry Dexter White to justify the structure of the Bretton Woods agreement? 答え： ( 29 ) (1) The United States was the only nation in a position to ensure that its currency would be stable enough to be used as a reserve currency. (2) It was important to allow Great Britain to feel it was still equal in terms of political power to the United States despite the dominance of the US dollar. (3) Both he and John Maynard Keynes felt European powers needed to hold onto their colonies to help them boost their productive capabilities. (4) Other countries would be able to use their large reserves of gold to support the value of their own currencies in the international financial system.
問30		Question: According to the author of the passage, after problems with the Bretton Woods system began to appear, (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 30 ) (1) the European powers decided to try to raise capital by forcing other countries to pay for European food products in US dollars. (2) the British and American delegations did their best to ensure that George C. Marshall’s comments about European decline were not made public. (3) the United States proposed protectionist trade policies as it had become clear that European countries were taking advantage of its leniency. (4) the United States took action to assist European countries partly because doing so would also benefit the United States.
問31		Question: What can be concluded about the Bretton Woods system? 答え： ( 31 ) (1) The system may have been more successful if the IMF had insisted that the US dollar remained tied to gold. (2) Although the system itself ended in failure, some economic organizations that play an important role today owe their existence to it. (3) The United States should have ended the system earlier to prevent a loss of confidence in the US dollar as a global currency. (4) Although both the IMF and the World Bank are influential today, their actions were considered the main reason for the system’s downfall.