英語検定　準１級(2024年第1回No.4)

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1-4		英語検定(準１級)　筆記	2024年第1回(No.25～No.31) 各１０点 × ７問 ＝ ７０点満点
次の英文を読み、(25)から(27)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問25		Question: The idea of an alpha male wolf is described as a myth because (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 25) (1) researchers have observed some captured wolves successfully joining packs in the wild after escaping. (2) the behavior thought to be demonstrated by alpha male wolves has only ever been seen in human males in prisons. (3) members of captive wolf packs that disagree with each other often end up forming smaller packs. (4) the concept of alpha male behavior in wolf packs originally came from observations of captured wolves instead of wild ones.
問26		Question: What did biologists learn about wild wolves in the 1980s and 1990s? 答え： ( 26 ) (1) Members of a wild wolf pack tend not to use violence to make sure other wolves follow the rules of the group. (2) The lead female wolf generally only gives orders to other wolves in the pack that are her own offspring. (3) Many wild packs are likely to be led by the strongest pair of wolves that do not yet have partners. (4) The power structure of their packs tends to be firmly fixed until the younger members have grown into adult wolves.
問27		Question: According to the passage, what did researchers discover about wild wolves that left their packs? 答え： ( 27 ) (1) If they were not able to join a new pack soon after leaving, then their survival rate would dramatically decrease. (2) The actions of those that eventually established their own packs may often have been influenced by another organism. (3) Wolves that lived alone were found to have far fewer fatal parasites than those that stayed with their packs. (4) Although they did not leave their packs in an unfriendly way, they often ended up fighting violently with their old packs.
次の英文を読み、(28)から(31)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問28		Question: What led to the formation of Matrix? 答え： ( 28 ) (1) The large number of new groups being established made it difficult for individual architects to be successful by themselves. (2) Some architects felt that people who used the buildings they designed often did not care about the person who designed them. (3) The way in which a majority of buildings were designed at the time only considered the needs of a single group of people. (4) The way in which a majority of buildings were designed at the time only considered the needs of a single group of people.
問29		Question: What do we learn about Le Modulor? 答え： ( 29 ) (1) The fact that it was created in France meant that architects had trouble adjusting it to fit the cultural needs of people in other countries. (2) Architects who implemented the system's design elements were often criticized for not following the default size for men. (3) A rapid change in the average height of men and women in postwar Britain meant that buildings designed under the system quickly became difficult to use. (4) Many of the spaces in buildings designed based on its principles were beneficial in some ways but problematic in other ways.
問30		Question: Matrix argued against a focus on the "average" person because (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 30 ) (1) most buildings were used by such a diverse range of people that it would be impossible to design something that suited everyone. (2) doing so would likely lead architects to overlook the requirements of the actual people a building is primarily used by. (3) the majority of people did not have sufficient knowledge to appreciate the methods and design principles that architects focused on. (4) attempting to involve as many people as possible in the design process often led to a confusing and unpopular final product.
問31		Question: Which of the following statements best describes Matrix's impact? 答え： ( 31 ) (1) Many of the architectural techniques pioneered by Matrix eventually came to dominate the design processes taught in architecture schools today. (2) Although the methods Matrix used to include ordinary people in the design process of buildings were too simple to be effective, they helped people feel included. (3) People who were previously ignored became more confident to give their opinions regarding the design of spaces around them. (4) Even though the group's members no longer do architecturerelated work, designers of public areas continue to take inspiration from their principles.