高校英語（レベルC<定期テスト2回目>）
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文章読解
英検準1級・TOEIC800点
次の英文を読み，( )に入れるのに最も適切なものを４つの中から一つ選びなさい。
Stress and the Immune System
Scientists have long believed that stress is harmful because it weakens the immune system.
This idea is based on experiments indicating that stress hormones
such as cortisol can weaken the body's ability to repair damage and fight infections.
Recent research, however, has shown that this is not always the case.
In fact, studies by Stanford University researcher Firdaus Dhabhar show that ( 1 ) the human stress response.
Although stress hormones are damaging in the long term,
they are useful in situations where the body is in immediate danger.
Dhabhar had long been curious about experiments which showed that the number of immune cells in a person's blood decreases dramatically
when that person is in a dangerous situation.
Dhabhar, however, believed the immune cells ( 2 ), so he conducted his own experiment.
He divided mice into two groups and exposed both groups to cancer-causing ultraviolet light.
Before doing so, however, he caused stress in the first group by locking them in a small space for several hours.
Just as he had expected, he found evidence that in this group, the immune cells were transported to the skin and other tissues.
These mice were less likely to get cancer than the others.
An experiment that Dhabhar conducted on humans showed similar results.
In this experiment, patients whose bodies responded to the stress of an operation by sending immune cells to tissues
where they were needed recovered more quickly than those whose bodies did not.
This suggests that short-term stress could ( 3 ) medical treatments in the future.
問1
（１）
(ア) there is an important reason for
(イ) people can control
(ウ) hormones serve no purpose in
(エ) it is difficult to measure
問2
（２）
(ア) allowed some diseases to spread
(イ) did not respond to stress hormones
(ウ) could easily be protected
(エ) moved to other parts of the body
問3
（３）
(ア) make it hard for doctors to use
(イ) play a significant role in
(ウ) be lessened by
(エ) require long-term
次の英文を読み，( )に入れるのに最も適切なものを４つの中から一つ選びなさい。
The Family Meal
According to recent scientific studies, dining together with parents can greatly benefit adolescents.
In particular, it has been found that regular, shared meals ( 4 ).
One reason for this is that when parents discuss everyday things such as schoolwork and friends with their children,
they become more aware of what is going on in their children's lives.
Then, if something about what their children are doing indicates a serious issue such as bullying or illegal drug use,
parents have a chance to stop it early on.
Studies have also shown that eating home-cooked meals can reduce obesity in teenagers,
and such reports now appear regularly in the media.
However, some parents say that these kinds of articles ( 5 ).
People like U.S. First Lady Michelle Obama have organized campaigns to promote home-cooked family meals,
but many parents say the “good parents cook for their families” message is unrealistic.
According to North Carolina State University sociology professor Sarah Bowen,
home-cooked meals are a “widely promoted standard to which all mothers are held.”
This can make people feel like bad parents if their work schedule does not allow them to cook.
Bowen argues, nevertheless, that family meals are important.
She feels communities need to develop creative solutions,
such as organizing shared kitchens or having schools provide healthy takeout meals that can be eaten by families at home.
( 6 ), if family meals are to survive in today's busy, fastpaced world, parents will need support in providing them.
問4
（４）
(ア) encourage physical activity
(イ) help prevent behavioral problems
(ウ) teach them about healthy food
(エ) raise students' test scores
問5
（５）
(ア) do not appear frequently enough
(イ) ignore scientific evidence
(ウ) are too difficult to understand
(エ) are too difficult to understand
問6
（６）
(ア) In short
(イ) On the contrary
(ウ) For instance
(エ) Otherwise
高校英語（レベルC<定期テスト2回目>）