高校英語（レベルC<定期テスト4回目>）
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No4
文章読解
英検準1級・TOEIC800点
次の英文を読み，( )に入れるのに最も適切なものを４つの中から一つ選びなさい。
The Bristol Brabazon
During World War II, the United States supplied most of Britain's transport aircraft.
While this arrangement allowed Britain to focus on producing bombers, it also ( 1 ).
It was clear that the experience in the design and manufacture of transport aircraft gained by the United States
would put it at an advantage once the war was over.
In 1943, the British government, realizing it was falling behind in the civilian aircraft industry,
called for the development of a deluxe commercial aircraft that could travel between London and New York.
Six years later, the Bristol Brabazon, as the test model of the plane was called, made its debut.
It was larger than any commercial aircraft that had come before it and featured a number of luxuries,
including a spacious interior and onboard entertainment.
In fact, these features proved to be one reason for the plane's ( 2 ).
It seemed air travelers in the postwar years valued affordability and speed over comfort,
which put smaller, faster aircraft in high demand and led airlines to reject the design.
The Brabazon's development, however, ( 3 ).
Nearly half the project's funding had been used to develop facilities necessary for operating the test model.
Engineers were able to use the large storage building and extra-long runway
built for the Brabazon to accommodate more-successful aircraft designs.
Moreover, the technology that had been used in the Brabazon could be applied to any aircraft.
In these ways, the Brabazon helped pave the way for the future of Britain's transport aircraft industry.
問1
（１）
(ア) created a serious weakness
(イ) led to mistaken beliefs
(ウ) became popular abroad
(エ) helped the military in other ways
問2
（２）
(ア) poor safety record
(イ) influence on many industries
(ウ) commercial failure
(エ) popularity with the wealthy
問3
（３）
(ア) took too much time
(イ) had lasting effects
(ウ) was attacked by critics
(エ) continued in later years
次の英文を読み，( )に入れるのに最も適切なものを４つの中から一つ選びなさい。
Predator Effects
The impact predators have on populations of their prey is usually blamed on direct killing.
Recent research, however, suggests this is only part of the picture.
Liana Zanette, a biologist at the University of Western Ontario in Canada, conducted an experiment to see
if the population growth rate of prey animals is affected by the ( 4 ).
Zanette's team monitored a population of wild sparrows over a four-month breeding period.
Speakers broadcasting recordings of sounds made by either predators or non-predators
were put in different sections of the birds' habitat.
The birds were protected from actual predators by fencing and nets.
The results showed a 40 percent reduction in the number of offspring produced by females in sections
where predator recordings had been played.
Zanette believes this was the result of changes to the birds' behaviors.
These females laid fewer eggs, and when the eggs hatched,
the females made fewer and shorter trips from the nest to search for food.
( 5 ), they built their nests in denser vegetation, making them harder for predators to find
but also more difficult for the sparrows themselves to reach.
These findings ( 6 ) in Yellowstone National Park in the United States.
Following the reintroduction of wolves into the park, the elk population,
which had grown so large it was destroying forest growth, fell by 50 percent.
This decline was too big to have resulted from hunting by wolves.
Zanette suspects that the elk, like the sparrows, responded to the threat of predators
by limiting their movements, consuming less food, and raising fewer young.
問4
（４）
(ア) health of ecosystems
(イ) sense of danger they feel
(ウ) presence of similar animals
(エ) number of humans near them
問5
（５）
(ア) Nevertheless
(イ) Additionally
(ウ) For instance
(エ) On the other hand
問6
（６）
(ア) may explain a phenomenon
(イ) were used to protect wolves
(ウ) could not be repeated
(エ) helped scientists locate sparrows
高校英語（レベルC<定期テスト4回目>）